Interventional Cardiology and Angiology

• The pathogenesis of the human restenotic lesions after angioplasty is not well defined, but there is a consensus that restenosis involves the interaction of cytokines, growth factors, vascular and blood cellular elements, and the extent of injury.
• The restenosis process can be divided into 3 or 4 phases:
  • Thrombus formation, local inflammation, proliferation and matrix formation.
• So far, the most pharmacological and interventional attempts to reduce restenosis were focused on the reduction of thrombus formation.
• Phase 3 proliferation:
  • Local stimulation of cell proliferation: FGF, PDGF, Thrombin, TGF-beta
• Phase 3 migration:
  • PDGF-BB, TGF-beta
• Angiotensin II:
  • AngII binds to G-protein-coupled AT1 receptor:
  • Activation of phospholipase C and release of calcium, stimulation of protein kinase C. Ang II stimulates also the activity of phospholipase D.
  • Activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase
  • Regulation of c-fos expression

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Letzte Änderung: 17.11.98 - © 1998 - webmaster